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Practically in all modern electronics Transistors are the key active components. Between 19 according to an estimate the total of 13 sextillion MOSFETs have been manufactured (at least 99.9% of all transistors), making the MOSFET the most widely manufactured device in history. The fundamental building block of modern electronic devices is the MOSFET, and is ubiquitous in modern electronic systems. In the list of IEEE milestones in electronics is the first transistor and the MOSFET. The field of electronics was revolutionized by the paved and transistors, the way for smaller and cheaper radios, calculators, and computers, among other things. The first truly compact transistor is the MOSFET that could be miniaturized and mass-produced for a wide range of uses. MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor) is the most widely used transistor, also known as the MOS transistor, which was invented by Mohamed Atalla with Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in 1959. For their achievements in physics, all three shared the 1956 Nobel Prize.

American physicists John Bardeen and Walter Brattain built The first working device was a point-contact transistor invented in 1947 while working under William Shockley at Bell Labs. Julius Edgar Lilienfeld an Austro-Hungarian physicist proposed the concept of a field-effect transistor in 1926, but it was not possible to actually construct a working device at that time. Nowadays, many more transistors are found embedded in integrated circuits but some transistors are packaged individually. Because the controlling (input) power can be lower than the controlled (output) power, a transistor can amplify a signal. One pair of the transistor's terminals to whom a voltage or current applied to controls the current through another pair of terminals. A semiconductor Transistor is composed of material usually whose least three terminals are connected to an external circuit. A semiconductor device is a transistor used to amplify or switch electrical power and electronic signals.

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